Efektivitas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 94 Tahun 2021 Tentang Hukuman Disipliner Bagi Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi Sektor Publik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jihhp.v6i4.8373Keywords:
Disiplin Pegawai, Efektifitas, Regulasi, Kinerja Organisasi, Sektor Publik, Tata Kelola BirokrasiAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 94 Tahun 2021 tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil sebagai instrumen hukum administratif dalam menata perilaku aparatur dan mendorong kinerja organisasi sektor publik. Penelitian menggunakan desain mixed methods dalam kerangka socio-legal research dengan memadukan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan pendekatan empiris. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, telaah dokumen administratif serta observasi praktik penegakan disiplin pada instansi pemerintah yang dipilih secara purposif. Analisis integrasi untuk menilai kesesuaian normatif pengaturan disiplin dan efektivitas implementasinya dalam praktik kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PP No. 94 Tahun 2021 memberikan dasar normatif yang lebih jelas, terukur dan sistematis dalam pengaturan kewajiban, larangan, klasifikasi sanksi serta kewenangan pejabat yang berwenang menghukum. Regulasi efektif dalam memperkuat kepatuhan administratif, terutama terkait kehadiran, jam kerja dan ketertiban prosedural. Namun, efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan kinerja organisasi sektor publik belum berlangsung secara otomatis dan masih dipengaruhi oleh konsistensi penegakan, kualitas kepemimpinan, kapasitas pengawasan internal, persepsi keadilan prosedural serta integrasi antara sistem disiplin dan manajemen kinerja. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan PP No. 94 Tahun 2021 penting sebagai fondasi penegakan disiplin aparatur, tetapi dampak terhadap performa organisasi lebih optimal apabila didukung penerapan yang adil, konsisten dan berkelanjutan dalam lingkungan birokrasi.
References
Bellé, N. (2014). Leading to Make a Difference: A Field Experiment on the Performance Effects of Transformational Leadership, Perceived Social Impact, and Public Service Motivation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24(1), 109–136. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mut033
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Budianto, A. (2022). Legal Research Methodology Reposition in Research on Social Science. International Journal of Criminology and Sociology, 9, 1339–1346. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2020.09.154
Christensen, R. K., & Wright, B. E. (2018). Public service motivation and ethical behavior: Evidence from three experiments. Journal of Behavioral Public Administration, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.30636/jbpa.11.18
Colquitt, J. A., Conlon, D. E., Wesson, M. J., Porter, C. O. L. H., & Ng, K. Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425–445. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.425
Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The Management of Organizational Justice. Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2007.27895338
Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x
Fetters, M. D., Curry, L. A., & Creswell, J. W. (2013). Achieving Integration in Mixed Methods Designs—Principles and Practices. Health Services Research, 48(6pt2), 2134–2156. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.12117
Gao, J. (2015). Performance Measurement and Management in the Public Sector: Some Lessons from Research Evidence. Public Administration and Development, 35(2), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.1704
Garengo, P., & Sardi, A. (2021). Performance measurement and management in the public sector: state of the art and research opportunities. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(7), 1629–1654. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-03-2020-0102
Gerrish, E. (2016). The Impact of Performance Management on Performance in Public Organizations: A Meta‐Analysis. Public Administration Review, 76(1), 48–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12433
Hermanto, Y. B., & Srimulyani, V. A. (2022). The Effects of Organizational Justice on Employee Performance Using Dimension of Organizational Citizenship Behavior as Mediation. Sustainability, 14(20), 13322. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013322
Hudson, B., Hunter, D., & Peckham, S. (2019). Policy failure and the policy-implementation gap: can policy support programs help? Policy Design and Practice, 2(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2018.1540378
Hutchinson, T., & Duncan, N. (2012). Defining and Describing What We Do: Doctrinal Legal Research. Deakin Law Review, 17(1), 83. https://doi.org/10.21153/dlr2012vol17no1art70
Leeuw, F. L. (2015). Empirical Legal Research: The Gap between Facts and Values and Legal Academic Training. Utrecht Law Review, 11(2), 19. https://doi.org/10.18352/ulr.315
Meyer-Sahling, J.-H., Mikkelsen, K. S., & Schuster, C. (2019). The Causal Effect of Public Service Motivation on Ethical Behavior in the Public Sector: Evidence from a Large-Scale Survey Experiment. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 29(3), 445–459. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muy071
Oppi, C., Campanale, C., & Cinquini, L. (2022). Ambiguity in public sector performance measurement: a systematic literature review. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 34(3), 370–390. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-09-2020-0167
Pattnaik, S., & Tripathy, S. K. (2023). The effect of organizational justice on employee performance in the Indian Public Sector Units: the role of organizational identification. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 30(8), 2583–2607. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-08-2021-0508
Perry, J. L., & Wise, L. R. (1990). The Motivational Bases of Public Service. Public Administration Review, 50(3), 367. https://doi.org/10.2307/976618
Pratama, A. B. (2017). Bureaucracy Reform Deficit in Indonesia: A Cultural Theory Perspective. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 7(3), 88. https://doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i3.11519
Pratama, A. B., & Nurhidayah, A. (2019). Does Public Service Motivation Matter to Employees’ Performance and Organizational Commitment in Sub-district Offices? JKAP (Jurnal Kebijakan Dan Administrasi Publik), 23(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkap.37913
Ritz, A., Brewer, G. A., & Neumann, O. (2016). Public Service Motivation: A Systematic Literature Review and Outlook. Public Administration Review, 76(3), 414–426. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12505
Royhan, M. (2025). Elevating Public Service: A Comprehensive Review of Public Service Motivation. Jurnal Borneo Administrator, 21(2), 169–186. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v21i2.1642
Schoonenboom, J., & Johnson, R. B. (2017). How to Construct a Mixed Methods Research Design. KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift Für Soziologie Und Sozialpsychologie, 69(S2), 107–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-017-0454-1
Tamsah, H., S.E, A., Ilyas, G., Yusriadi, Y., & Farida, U. (2020). Training, Knowledge Sharing, and Quality of Work-Life on Civil Servants Performance in Indonesia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 163–176. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/514
Teeroovengadum, V., Nunkoo, R., & Dulloo, H. (2019). Influence of organisational factors on the effectiveness of performance management systems in the public sector. European Business Review, 31(3), 447–466. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-01-2018-0003
van Thiel, S., & Leeuw, F. L. (2002). The Performance Paradox in the Public Sector. Public Performance & Management Review, 25(3), 267–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/15309576.2002.11643661
Verka, S. T., Sabharwal, M., & Hassan, S. (2025). Impact of public leadership on public service motivation and performance in complex environments. Public Administration and Development, 45(1), 16–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/pad.2069
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Raja'i, Indra Sakti, Edwar Kelvin, Rizki Tri Anugrah Bhakti

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak cipta :
Penulis yang mempublikasikan manuskripnya di jurnal ini menyetujui ketentuan berikut:
- Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
- Penulis mengakui bahwa Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) berhak menjadi yang pertama menerbitkan dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (Attribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0) .
- Penulis dapat mengirimkan artikel secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-eksklusif manuskrip yang telah diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini ke versi lain (misalnya, dikirim ke repositori institusi penulis, publikasi ke dalam buku, dll.), dengan mengakui bahwa manuskrip telah diterbitkan pertama kali di JIHHP.













































