Implementasi Kebijakan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Pangan Berkelanjutan melalui Peningkatan Produktifitas Tanaman Pangan di Kabupaten Barito Selatan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v7i5.9484Keywords:
Implementasi Kebijakan, Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Pangan Berkelanjutan, Produktivitas Tanaman Pangan, Edward III, Pemerintah DaerahAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan berkelanjutan, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor penyebab rendahnya produktivitas tanaman pangan, serta merumuskan strategi implementasi kebijakan yang efektif di Dinas Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian Kabupaten Barito Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus dalam paradigma konstruktivisme. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan aparatur pelaksana kebijakan dan petani, observasi lapangan, serta telaah dokumen kebijakan dan perencanaan pembangunan pertanian daerah. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan George C. Edward III yang mencakup aspek komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi, yang dikaitkan dengan faktor produksi pertanian 5M (man, money, method, machine, dan market). Selanjutnya, hasil analisis tersebut disintesis melalui analisis SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) untuk merumuskan strategi implementasi kebijakan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Barito Selatan secara normatif telah didukung oleh regulasi dan struktur kelembagaan yang memadai, namun belum efektif dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman pangan. Keterbatasan komunikasi kebijakan yang masih bersifat top-down, ketimpangan dan keterbatasan sumber daya, lemahnya metode pendampingan dan penyuluhan, rendahnya motivasi petani, serta fragmentasi koordinasi birokrasi menjadi faktor kelemahan utama. Di sisi lain, ketersediaan lahan potensial, dukungan kebijakan nasional, serta peluang pengembangan mekanisasi dan pasar pertanian merupakan faktor kekuatan dan peluang yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Rendahnya produktivitas tanaman pangan merupakan hasil interaksi kompleks antara faktor internal dan eksternal kebijakan.
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