Kriteria Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus yang dapat Diterima di Sekolah Dasar: Tinjauan Sistematis sebagai Dasar Pemetaan Penerimaan Murid Baru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v7i3.8215Keywords:
Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus, Kriteria Penerimaan, Sekolah Dasar, Pendidikan Inklusif, Asesmen AwalAbstract
Kriteria Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus yang Dapat Diterima di Sekolah Dasar: Tinjauan Sistematis sebagai Dasar Pemetaan Penerimaan Murid Baru. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh belum adanya standar yang jelas dan terstruktur dalam menentukan kriteria penerimaan anak berkebutuhan khusus di sekolah dasar inklusif, sehingga proses penerimaan cenderung subjektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis kriteria anak berkebutuhan khusus yang dapat diterima di sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review dengan menganalisis 20 artikel ilmiah terbitan tahun 2020–2025 yang diperoleh dari berbagai basis data. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriteria penerimaan bersifat multidimensional yang meliputi kemampuan kognitif dasar, komunikasi, interaksi sosial, kemandirian, dan regulasi perilaku. Selain itu, berbagai jenis anak berkebutuhan khusus seperti hambatan intelektual ringan, autisme, gangguan perhatian, hambatan belajar spesifik, serta hambatan fisik dan sensori dapat diterima dengan mempertimbangkan kemampuan fungsional dan kesiapan sekolah. Kesimpulannya, penerimaan anak berkebutuhan khusus harus berbasis indikator objektif, fleksibel, dan mempertimbangkan kesesuaian antara kebutuhan anak dan layanan sekolah.
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