Tinjauan Hukum Digitalisasi Rekam Medis Terhadap Hak Privasi Medis Pasien
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jihhp.v6i1.6573Keywords:
digitalisasi rekam medis, hak privasi medis pasien, perlindungan data pribadiAbstract
Digitalisasi rekam medis mendorong efisiensi dan kesinambungan layanan, tetapi meningkatkan risiko atas hak privasi pasien. Penelitian ini menelaah kerangka hukum, bentuk perlindungan hukum, dan keterkaitan digitalisasi dengan privasi pasien di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif melalui analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, peraturan teknis, standar internasional, dan literatur akademik terkait digitalisasi rekam medis dan perlindungan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum digitalisasi rekam medis di Indonesia dibangun melalui sinergi Undang-Undang Kesehatan, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 71 Tahun 2019, dan Permenkes Nomor 24 Tahun 2022, serta diperkuat oleh standar internasional seperti ISO 27001 dan HL7. Perlindungan hukum terhadap hak privasi pasien mencakup aspek represif maupun preventif. Secara represif, perlindungan diwujudkan melalui kewajiban kerahasiaan, mekanisme penegakan hukum, dan sanksi bagi pelanggaran. Secara preventif, perlindungan dilakukan dengan prinsip privacy by design, penunjukan pejabat perlindungan data, audit trail, penilaian dampak perlindungan data, kontrol akses berlapis, serta persetujuan granular dan dinamis. Hubungan antara digitalisasi dan perlindungan privasi bersifat dialektis. Dengan demikian, kerangka hukum yang ada cukup memadai, namun menuntut harmonisasi regulasi, penguatan kelembagaan, serta budaya kepatuhan agar inovasi digital berjalan selaras dengan perlindungan hak privasi pasien.
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