Dampak Kerja Shift terhadap Kesehatan Mental dan Kelelahan Pekerja Manufaktur: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jemsi.v7i4.7705Keywords:
Kerja Shift, Kesehatan Mental, Kelelahan, Pekerja ManufakturAbstract
Sistem kerja shift di industri manufaktur global krusial untuk efisiensi produksi namun berisiko bagi kesehatan pekerja. Artikel ini, berjudul "Dampak Kerja Shift terhadap Kesehatan Mental dan Kelelahan Pekerja Manufaktur: Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis," bertujuan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai dampak psikososial dan fisik pada pekerja industri. Menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka sistematis berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), pencarian dilakukan pada basis data Scopus periode 2021 hingga 2026. Sebanyak 33 artikel empiris terpilih melalui proses penyaringan ketat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kerja shift secara signifikan meningkatkan risiko depresi hingga 1,42 kali lipat dan kecemasan mencapai 43,65. Kelelahan okupasional ditemukan 20% lebih tinggi pada pekerja shift, yang diperburuk oleh kualitas tidur buruk dengan prevalensi gangguan tidur mencapai 88,9%. Faktor moderator utama meliputi sistem rotasi cepat, usia di atas 40 tahun, dan masa kerja lebih dari 5 tahun. Kesimpulannya, kerja shift berdampak negatif secara signifikan terhadap kesehatan mental dan kelelahan, sehingga diperlukan program skrining berkala dan optimasi jadwal kerja yang ergonomis oleh perusahaan guna memitigasi risiko kesehatan bagi kelompok pekerja berisiko tinggi.
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